League of Women Voters
The League of Women Voters is an American political organization founded in 1920[1] by Carrie Chapman Catt during the last meeting of the National American Woman Suffrage Association approximately six months before the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution gave U.S. women the right to vote. It began as a "mighty political experiment" aimed to help newly-enfranchised women exercise their responsibilities as voters. Originally, only women could join the league; but in 1973 the charter was modified to include men. The league is a grassroots organization with chapters in all 50 states plus the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The league has approximately 150,000 members (as of 2006).
The league is "nonpartisan", refusing to endorse or oppose political candidates or parties at any level of government. The league does support or oppose many political issues after studying them and coming to a consensus on a position. The league works to increase understanding of major public policy issues, and to influence public policy through education and advocacy, as well as through political lobbying of Congress.
The league is organized into two complementary halves: Voter service and citizen education; and program and action.
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Voter service and citizen education
The Voter Service and Citizen Education portion of the league informs and educates voters about candidates, the electoral process and issues on which the league has no position.
The league Education Fund sponsored the 1976, 1980, and 1984 presidential debates. In 1988, the league withdrew from debate sponsorship, in protest of the major party candidates attempting to dictate nearly every aspect of how the debates were to be conducted, which ultimately resulted in the Democratic and Republican parties forming the Commission on Presidential Debates which gave the parties greater control over the debate environment.
On October 2, 1988, the league's 14 trustees voted unanimously to pull out of the debates, and on October 3 they issued a press release:
The League of Women Voters is withdrawing sponsorship of the presidential debates ... because the demands of the two campaign organizations would perpetrate a fraud on the American voter. It has become clear to us that the candidates' organizations aim to add debates to their list of campaign-trail charades devoid of substance, spontaneity and answers to tough questions. The League has no intention of becoming an accessory to the hoodwinking of the American public.
The league continues to sponsor and moderate candidates' meetings and debates for local and state elections across the country. The league puts out voter's guides that compare candidates' positions on various issues (which are almost universally hostile to gun owners' rights, whenever the issue comes up). Some chapters of the league also staff precincts on Election Day helping to administer elections. In addition, some local chapters including the League of Women Voters of Philadelphia host Election Day Hotlines with local television stations to assist voters by answering their questions throughout Election Day. The league is a strong supporter of transparency in government and many chapters send members to observe meetings of governmental bodies.
Program and action
The Program and Action portion of the league studies issues, develops consensus positions and lobbies for changes in law and public policy. Program and Action is divided into four broad categories: Representative Government, International Relations, Natural Resources, and Social Policy.
Representative government
The league supports "an open governmental system that is representative, accountable and responsive."
In 2004, the league lobbied Congress in favor of the bi-partisan Security and Freedom Ensured Act (SAFE) which attempted to scale back some portions of the PATRIOT Act which impact on individual liberties.
International relations
The LWV believes that the United States should "promote peace in an interdependent world by working cooperatively with other nations and strengthening international organizations". [2]
The League is a strong supporter of the United Nations. During the 1940s, the LWV launched a nationwide campaign to build public support for the United Nations. The LWV was one of the first non-government organizations affiliated with the UN.
Natural resources
The LWV works to "promote an environment beneficial to life through the protection and wise management of natural resources in the public interest". [3]
The League was a strong proponent of the Clean Air Act of 1990 and promoted the passage of the Clean Water Act of 1987.
Social policy
The league works to "secure equal rights and equal opportunity for all, to promote social and economic justice, and to secure the health and safety of all Americans."[4]
The league has worked on a broad range of activities under the rubric of Social Policy including gun control.
Specifically in the area of gun control, according to the organization's website,
The 1990 League convention took the rare step of adopting the gun control position by concurrence at convention. Proponents had sent two informational mailings to all Leagues before convention, and spirited debate on the convention floor persuaded the convention to concur with the statement proposed by the LWV of Illinois. Following the convention action, the LWVUS wrote to all members of Congress, announcing the League’s new position on gun control and urging passage of federal legislation to control the proliferation of handguns and semi-automatic assault weapons in the United States. In 1991, the League joined with other organizations to support legislation banning semi-automatic assault weapons. In 1992 and 1993, the League supported congressional passage of the Brady bill, to institute a five-day waiting period and background check for the purchase of handguns. Following enactment of the Brady bill in November 1993, the League stepped up its lobbying efforts in a successful 1994 House campaign to force inclusion of the assault weapons ban in the final conference report on omnibus crime legislation."[5]
The league endorsed and supported the Mother’s Day 2000 Million Mom March of the Brady Campaign through the activities of many league members across the country who participated in the event, as well as by the official involvement of the organization's leadership and board.[5]
References
- ↑ About Us, an organization profile at www.lwv.org
- ↑ League of Women Voters, 2005, p. 25.
- ↑ League of Women Voters, 2005, p. 40.
- ↑ League of Women Voters, 2005, p. 56.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gun Control: The League's History League of Women Voters,2008-06-23
External links
- League of Women Voters home page
- League of Women Voters Collection (MUM00261) owned by the University of Mississippi, Archives and Special Collections.
