Table of cartridges
From Gunsopedia
Three tables, one per century, of pistol, submachine gun, rifle, revolver and machine gun cartridges by year. A fourth table, specifically for wildcats, may be added later or may be placed in its own page.
19th century
| Name | Date | Nation | Size Metric |
Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| .22 Short | 1857 | USA | 5.7mm | Oldest commercial cartridge being loaded today | 
|
| .44 Henry | 1860 | USA | 11.3mm | Originally designed for use in "that damned Yankee rifle that they load on Sunday and shoot all week." | 
|
| .50 Remington (M71 Army) | 1867 | USA | 12.7 mm | .508 | |
| .450 Boxer/.450 Revolver/.450 Adams | 1868 | Britain | .455 | ||
| .44 S&W (Smith & Wesson) | 1869 | USA | - | - | |
| .32 S&W (Smith & Wesson) | 1870 | USA | - | - | |
| .22 Long | 1871 | USA | 5.7mm | second oldest surviving rimfire cartridge | 
|
| .50-90 Sharps | 1872 | USA | - | The mainstay of the American Buffalo Hunter | |
| .45-70 Government | 1873 | USA | - | One of the oldest centerfire cartridges still in commercial production | 
|
| .44-40 Winchester | 1873 | USA | - | .427 | |
| .45 Colt | 1873 | USA | 11.58 × 32 mm | Used in both pistol and rifle, sometimes referred to as .45 Long Colt. | 
|
| .476 Enfield | 1880 | United Kingdom | |||
| .32-20 Winchester | 1882 | USA | - | - | |
| .38-55 Winchester | 1884 | USA | - | - | |
| .22 CB | 1888 | USA | 5.6mm | low-power target round | Not Available |
| 7.92 x 57 mm Mauser | 1888 | Germany | 7.92 x 57 mm | AKA 8 x 57 mm Mauser | 
|
| .455 Webley | 1889 | United Kingdom | year of approval | ||
| 7.5 x 55 Schmidt Rubin | 1889 | Switzerland | 7.5 x 55 mm | AKA GP-11 | |
| .303 British | 1889 | Britain | 7.7 x 56 mm | 
| |
| 9 x 57 Mauser | 1890s | Germany | 9.06 x 56.8 mm | - | |
| 7.62 x 54R | 1891 | Russia | 7.62 x 54 mm | Oldest cartridge still in official military use, used in SVD Dragunov with Russia and the PSL rifles with many other countries. | |
| .30-40 Krag | 1892 | USA | .308 7.82mm |
- | |
| .38 Long Colt | 1892 | USA | 9.65 mm | - | |
| 7 x 57 mm Mauser | 1892 | Germany | 7 × 57 mm | - | |
| 6.5 x 55 mm | 1895 | Union of Sweden and Norway |
6.5 × 55 mm | - | |
| .30-30 Winchester | 1895 | USA | - | First smokeless cartridge designed for big game hunting | 
|
| .450 Nitro Express | 1895 | United Kingdom | by J. Rigby smokeless cartridge based upon .450 Black Powder Express | ||
| 6.5 mm Arisaka | 1897 | Japan | 6.5 × 50 mm | - | |
| 7.65 mm Browning | 1899 | Belgium | - | .32 ACP | 
|
20th century
| Name | Date | Nation | Size Metric |
Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7.65 mm Parabellum | 1900 | Germany | - | Also .30 Luger | |
| .450 | circa 1900 | United Kingdom | bottle necked cartridge for the Webley-Mars Automatic Pistol | ||
| .38 ACP | 1900 | USA | - | aka the "38 auto" | 
|
| .32 S&W Long (Smith & Wesson) | 1901 | USA | - | long .32 S&W | |
| 9 mm Luger | 1902 | Germany | 9 × 19 mm | AKA 9 mm Parabellum | .jpg)
|
| .38 Special | 1902 | USA | - | - | 
|
| .600 Nitro Express | 1903 | United Kingdom | Jeffrey, 900-grain (58 g) bullet 1,950 ft/s (590 m/s) at muzzle | ||
| .45 ACP | 1905 | USA | - | Automatic Colt Pistol | 
|
| .32 Winchester | 1905 | USA | - | - | |
| .35 Remington | 1906 | USA | - | - | |
| .25 ACP | 1906 | USA | 6.35 mm | - | 
|
| .30-06 Springfield | 1906 | USA | 7.62 x 63 | - | 
|
| .470 Nitro Express | 1907 | Britain | - | Joseph Lang | |
| .44 Special | 1908 | USA | - | - | 
|
| 9 mm Browning Short | 1912 | Belgium | - | also called .380 Automatic | 
|
| 250-3000 | 1915 | USA | - | 3000 ft/s (910 m/s) | |
| .300 Savage | 1920 | USA | - | - | |
| .50 BMG | 1921 | USA | 12.7 x 99 mm | used in Heavy Machine Guns and anti-materiel rifles | 
|
| .270 Winchester | 1925 | USA | - | - | |
| .38 Super Auto | 1929 | USA | - | - | |
| .22 Hornet | 1930 | USA | - | First centerfire cartridge widely adapted for varminting | 
|
| 7.92 DS | 1934 | Poland | 7,92 x 107 mm | Used for kbk ppanc wz.35 anti-tank rifle | |
| .357 Magnum | 1935 | USA | - | Long .38 Special | 
|
| .220 Swift | 1935 | USA | - | - | |
| .348 Winchester | 1936 | USA | - | - | |
| 7.9 mm Kurz | 1938 | Germany | - | - | 
|
| .218 Bee | 1938 | USA | - | - | |
| 6.5 x 68 | 1939 | Germany | - | - | |
| 8 x 68 S | 1939 | Germany | - | - | |
| 7.7mm Arisaka | 1939 | Japan | - | - | |
| 14.5x114mm | 1939 | Soviet Union | - | - | 
|
| .30 Carbine | 1940 | USA | 7.62 x 33 mm | - | 
|
| 7.62 x 39 mm | 1943 | USSR | - | .311 from 7.9 mm Kurz | 
|
| .280 British | 1948 | United Kingdom | 7 mm | also known as 7 mm FN Short, intermediate round adopted in 1951 | Not Available |
| .30-30 Ackley | 1949 | United States | Wildcat variant of the Win 30-30 by PO Ackley | 
| |
| .222 Remington | 1950 | USA | - | - | 
|
| 7.62 x 51 mm | 1950 | Belgium/USA | - | NATO (1953), T65 .308 | Not Available |
| .454 Casull | 1954 | USA | - | Long .45 Colt | 
|
| .308 Winchester | 1955 | USA | - | Civilian 7.62 mm NATO | 
|
| .44 Remington Magnum | 1955 | USA | - | Long .44 Special | 
|
| .223 Remington | 1955 | USA | - | Long .222 Remington | 
|
| .243 Winchester | 1955 | USA | 6 mm x 51 mm | 6 mm, from .308 | |
| .458 Winchester Magnum | 1956 | USA | - | - | |
| .280 Remington | 1957 | USA | - | from .30-06 | |
| .460 Weatherby | 1958 | USA | .458 11.63 mm |
- | |
| .22 WMR | 1959 | USA | - | basically a .22 WRF, on steroids | 
|
| .454 Casull | 1959 | USA | - | - |
|
| 5.56 × 45 mm NATO | 1960 | USA | - | - | 
|
| .256 Magnum | 1962 | USA | - | formed from .357 Magnum | |
| 7 mm Remington Magnum | 1962 | USA | - | - | |
| .300 Winchester Magnum | 1963 | USA | 7.8mm | - | 
|
| .41 Magnum | 1964 | USA | 10.4mm | Primarily developed for use in large-frame revolvers | 
|
| .444 Marlin | 1964 | USA | - | long .44 Magnum, .429 | |
| .22-250 Remington | 1965 | USA | - | Varminter | 
|
| 5 mm Remington Rimfire Magnum | 1970 | USA | 5mm (.2045) | Obsolete rimfire | |
| .44 AMP | 1971 | USA | - | .429 | |
| .30 Herrett | 1973 | USA | - | short .30-30 Winchester | |
| 5.45 x 39 mm M74 | 1974 | USSR | - | AK-74, .215 | 
|
| .22 PPC | 1974 | USA | - | - | |
| 6 mm PPC | 1975 | USA | - | from .22 PPC, .243 | |
| 6.5 mm JDJ | 1978 | USA | - | From .225 case | |
| .45 Winchester Magnum | 1979 | USA | - | long .45 ACP | |
| 5.56 mm SS–109 | 1979 | Belgium | - | NATO (1980), 2nd gen. | |
| 7 mm-08 Remington | 1980 | USA | - | 308 Winchester case necked down to 7 mm (.284") | |
| 10 mm Auto | 1983 | Sweden | - | Developed by Jeff Cooper, originally produced FFV Norma AB, and introduced in 1983 in the ill-fated Bren Ten pistol. | 
|
| .338 Lapua Magnum | 1983 | Finland | 8.6 x 70 mm | Designed for military long-range sniper rifles | |
| .32 Harrington & Richardson | 1984 | USA | - | long .32 S&W Long | |
| .41 AE | 1986 | USA | - | Action Express | |
| 5.6 mm GP 90 | 1987 | Switzerland | 5.6 × 45 mm | for Sig Sauer 550, 551, and 552 | |
| .416 Remington Magnum | 1988 | USA | - | - | |
| .50 AE | 1988 | USA | - | for IMI Desert Eagle | |
| .40 S&W | 1990 | USA | - | - | 
|
| 5.7 x 28 mm | 1990 | Belgium | 5.7 x 28 mm | PDW — Defeats Class IIIA body armour | 
|
| .307 Winchester | 1982 | USA | - | Rimmed version of the 308 Winchester, for use in lever-action rifles | |
| .224-BOZ | - | Britain | - | 5.56 × 23 mm, in 10 mm case | |
| .357 SIG | 1994 | Switzerland/USA | - | 
| |
| .400 Corbon | 1997 | USA | - | .45ACP necked down to .40 caliber |
21st century
| Name | Date | Nation | Size Metric |
Comments | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 450 Marlin | 2000 | USA | - | Derived from 45–70 Govt. | |
| 4.6 x 30 mm | 2000 | Germany | - | 4.6 mm proprietary | |
| .480 Ruger | 2001 | USA | - | Derived from 475 Linebaugh | |
| .300 WSM | 2001 | USA | - | Winchester Short Magnum | |
| .408 Chey Tac | 2001 | USA | - | Used in Cheyanne Tactical's M200 Intervention, and M310 rifles | |
| .270 WSM | 2002 | USA | - | Winchester Short Magnum | |
| 7 mm WSM | 2002 | USA | - | Winchester Short Magnum | |
| .17 HMR | 2002 | USA | - | Hornady Magnum Rimfire | Not available |
| 6.5 Grendel | 2003 | USA | 6.5 x 39 mm | Developed by Alexander Arms as a "low recoil, high accuracy, long-range cartridge for the AR-15 platform." | 
|
| 6.8 mm Remington SPC | 2003 | USA | 6.8x43mm | Developed by Remington with members of 5th Special Forces Group | |
| .223 WSSM | 2003 | USA | - | Winchester Super Short Magnum | |
| .243 WSSM | 2003 | USA | - | Winchester Super Short Magnum | |
| .45 GAP | 2003 | Austria | - | Glock Automatic Pistol | |
| .500 S&W Magnum | 2003 | USA | - | One of the most powerful handgun-specific cartridges. | |
| .17 HM2 | 2004 | USA | - | .17 Hornady Mach 2 | 
|
| .204 Ruger | 2004 | USA | 5.18 mm | 
| |
| .25 WSSM | 2004 | USA | 6.35 mm | Winchester Super Short Magnum | |
| .325 WSM | 2005 | USA | 8 x 53 mm | Winchester Short Magnum | |
| .416 Barrett | 2006 | USA | 10.3 mm | Designed as a better alternative to the .50BMG for sniper rifles. | |
| .17 Remington Fireball | 2007 | USA | 4.368 | high-performance approx 4,000 ft/s (1,200 m/s) in a small case |
